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The Effect of Message Valence on e-WoM Spread: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

Posted on Saturday March 16th, 2019Saturday March 23rd, 2019 by

Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Message Valence on e-WoM Spread: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Author(s):	Edin Guclu Sozer
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	541-555
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.184

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of e-WoM message on the intention level of consumers to spread the word to other consumers in the presence of a moderated mediation interaction effect between risk perception and uncertainty avoidance levels of consumers. An experimental design was implemented, and the manipulated experimental condition was e-WoM message represented in two levels, negative and positive. The results indicate that, compared to negative ones, positive e-WoM messages lead to higher intention to share the message with other consumers. However, in the presence of perceived risk, the positive direct effect of positive messages turns into a negative indirect effect when perceived risk mediates this relationship. Moreover, this negative indirect effect stabilizes with the uncertainty avoidance moderated relationship between e-WoM message and perceived risk. In the light of these findings, a two levels e-WoM communication strategy was proposed to maximize the benefits of positive customer feedbacks: Construction of a strong pool of positive e-WoM messages generated by existing satisfied customers and the use of negative framing in the marketing communication messages targeted to prospect customers.

Keywords:

e-WoM, Message Valence, Perceived Risk, Uncertainty Avoidance

JEL Classification:

M30, M31, M37

Full Text ( ↓ 2107)

Development of the Hedonic and Utilitarian Consumption Behavior Scale: Reliability and Validity Study

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Development of the Hedonic and Utilitarian Consumption Behavior Scale: Reliability and Validity Study
Author(s):	Taha Coskun, Mehmet Marangoz
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	517-539
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.183

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a scale to determine the hedonic and utilitarian consumption behavior of consumers. The scope validity of the scale was realized by scanning the literature, analysing qualitative data and referring expert opinions. The construct validity of the scale was determined by exploratory (AFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analysis applied to two separate data sets. As a result of AFA for hedonic consumption behavior; a five-factor structure as Hedonic Impact, Hedonic Adaptation, Impulsive Tendency, Passivity Status and Identity Reflection. A two-factor structure is described as Target Oriented and Control Oriented for utilitarian consumption behavior. The reliability of the structures confirmed by CFA was determined by Cronbach alpha’s internal consistency coefficients and item total correlations. The relationships between the factors were demonstrated through Pearson’s coefficient. As a result of the findings obtained from this study, a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in determining hedonic and utilitarian behaviors of consumers has been introduced.

Keywords:

Hedonism, Consumption, Hedonic Consumption, Utilitarian Consumption, Consumption Culture, Consumer Motivations

JEL Classification:

E20, E21, M31, D90

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Russian Consumers’ Responses to Turkish Products: Exploring the Roles of Country Image, Consumer Ethnocentrism, and Animosity

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Russian Consumers’ Responses to Turkish Products: Exploring the Roles of Country Image, Consumer Ethnocentrism, and Animosity
Author(s):	Inci Dursun, Ebru Tumer Kabadayi, Kutalmıs Emre Ceylan, Cansu Gokmen Koksal
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	499-515
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.182

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to investigate the country of origin (COO) effect on purchase decisions for Turkish products in foreign markets. Particularly, the study focused on the impacts of country image, consumer ethnocentrism, and animosity on product evaluation, risk perception and buying intention of Russian consumers. The data was collected through a survey conducted on a sample consisting of 346 native Russian consumers living in Moscow. Analysis results revealed that origin related factors (i.e. country image, consumer ethnocentrism, and animosity) do not directly influence purchase intention for Turkish products. Animosity was found to increase the perceived risk of buying Turkish products, to some extent, while expected negative impacts of ethnocentrism were not confirmed. Most importantly, findings revealed a strong link between country image and product evaluation. Results were discussed in detail and the article concludes with implication of the findings.

Keywords:

Country of Origin (COO), Country Image, Ethnocentrism, Animosity, Turkish Products

JEL Classification:

M16, M31, M39

Full Text ( ↓ 2440)

A Research on Gender Based Differences in Perceived Organizational Stress and Stress Sources

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	A Research on Gender Based Differences in Perceived Organizational Stress and Stress Sources
Author(s):	Kurtulus Kaymaz
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	483-497
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.181

Abstract

The research is aimed to investigate if the perceived organizational stress and stress sources differ according to gender. For this purpose, the demand-control-social support model was used and data were collected via face to face survey around three sub-dimensions (workload, decision, and social support). The study is conducted on totally 2467 employees and 1922 employees were responsive. The first main finding of this study is that the important part of the employees were working in “high job stress” region. Another finding in the research shows that there is a significant difference between male and female employees from the point of workload and decision (autonomy). Conversely, it is found that gender of the employees does not form a significant difference for social support dimension. From the perspective of stress sources, the findings indicate that negative circumstances in pay and social rights, managers’ attitudes and behaviors and physical working conditions are main stress sources for both males and females. Especially, results proved that females affected more negatively from the stress sources like physical working conditions, workload, occupational health and safety, working breaks and annual leave than males.

Keywords:

Organizational Stress, Work Load, Decision Making, Organizational Support, Stress Sources

JEL Classification:

J24, J28, M14, M54, O15

Full Text ( ↓ 2298)

The Effect of Burnout in Health Sector Employees on the Turnover Intention: The Mediation Role of Person-Organization Fit

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Effect of Burnout in Health Sector Employees on the Turnover Intention: The Mediation Role of Person-Organization Fit
Author(s):	Abdullah Caliskan, Nazmiye Ulku Pekkan
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	469-481
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.180

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of burnout on the turnover intention by taking the basis of the Social Exchange Theory (Blau, 1964) and Person-Organization Fit Theory (Tom, 1971) and whether person-organization fit has a mediating role in this effect. In this direction, the population of this study is composed of the employees of the organizations in health sector in Mersin region. With the data collected by survey forms from 526 physicians, nurses and other health sector workers, the relationships between the variables included in this study were tried to be determined by correlation and regression analysis. As a result of the study, it was determined that the health sector workers have a sense of burnout and that the three sub-dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal success reduction) have positive and statistically significant relationship with the turnover intention. According to the other aim of the study, it was determined that the person-organization fit has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. According to these results, it is stated that increasing the level of burnout of individuals increases the turnover intention and that the person-organization fit has a triggering effect on this relationship. The results of the study were evaluated and recommendations were made to future practitioners and researchers.

Keywords:

Burnout, Person-Organization Fit, Turnover Intention, Mediating Effect

JEL Classification:

M10, M19

Full Text ( ↓ 2778)

The Relationship between Intellectual Capital Elements and Management of these Elements: Example of B-fit Businesses

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	The Relationship between Intellectual Capital Elements and Management of these Elements: Example of B-fit Businesses
Author(s):	Yeter Aytul Dagli Ekmekci
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	451-468
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.179

Abstract

In today’s knowledge economy, the intellectual capital, which doesn’t appear in the financial statements, but comes to the forefront in creating value, has gained importance. The prospect of intellectual capital should be taken into account in sport sector, which has a very large prevalence in the country’s economies. However, there are few studies on intellectual capital management in the field of sports at Turkish literature and this study is a preliminary work especially oriented towards the relationship between intellectual capital elements. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of intangible assets which increase the market value and to reveal how the managers of sport service businesses are evaluating the elements structural capital, consumer capital and human capital. B-fit enterprises with 200 businesses in 50 different cities are considered. It is also evaluated the ideas of business managers about information sharing. The data were collected by survey and document analyzing method and analyzed with statistical data analysis method. As a result, it was seen that there was a moderately significant relationship between the intellectual capital factors.

Keywords:

Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management, Market Value, Sports Businesses, Sports Financing

JEL Classification:

M12, O34, Z20

Full Text ( ↓ 4029)

Entrepreneurial Personality Characteristics of Women Participating and do not Participating in Micro Credit Program: The Case of Sirnak Province

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Entrepreneurial Personality Characteristics of Women Participating and do not Participating in Micro Credit Program: The Case of Sirnak Province
Author(s):	Sureyya Ece, Azize Ergeneli
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	435-450
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.178

Abstract

Microcredits are important for dissemination of entrepreneurship and especially for development of rural areas as well as for promoting women’s socio-economic status and increasing their and their families’ welfare. The expected benefits of microcredit application depend on the fact that it is given to women have entrepreneurial personality traits. The aim of this study is to determine whether women using micro-credits have entrepreneurial personality characteristics. For this reason, the women using microcredit for at least one year, women participating entrepreneurial activities by their own possibilities and housewives in the Sirnak province were included in the research. A total of 159 women (53 women from each group) were interviewed face to face. The obtained data have been evaluated by using the Discriminant Analysis. Results of the analysis showed that women using micro-credit are similar to entrepreneurial women only in terms of autonomy. Autonomy average of entrepreneur women and women using micro-credit was higher than housewives. It has been found that women who use micro-credits are similar to housewives in terms of uncertainty, achievement and dominance. The mean achievement and dominance of women using micro-credits and housewives are lower than those of entrepreneurial women; the uncertainty tolerance was found to be higher.

Keywords:

Microcredit, Female Entrepreneur, Housewife, Entrepreneurial Personality Characteristics

JEL Classification:

L26, G21, Z18, I31

Full Text ( ↓ 2073)

Comparative Performance Assessment with Entropy Weighted ARAS and COPRAS Methods of Private Pension Companies

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Comparative Performance Assessment with Entropy Weighted ARAS and COPRAS Methods of Private Pension Companies
Author(s):	Eylem Bayrakci, Esra Aksoy
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	415-433
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.177

Abstract

The individual pension system enables individuals to gain an additional income during retirement and to help individuals spend their retirement periods in welfare. In countries where the individual pension system is implemented, it contributes to the economy both as a complement to the social security system and as a long-term investment fund. The funds collected in the system are managed by private portfolio management companies to operate in the pension branch. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of individual pension companies operating in our country comparatively with the ARAS and COPRAS methods of the Multi Criteria Decision Making methods. For the analysis of the performances of individual pension companies, the criteria were determined and the weights of the criteria were calculated by entropy method and included in the solution. As a result of the analysis, the performance ranking of the individual pension companies was made and as a result the ranking was found to be the same in both methods.

Keywords:

Individual Pension System, Performance, Entropy, ARAS, COPRAS

JEL Classification:

G22, M20, M40

Full Text ( ↓ 2367)

STAR Models: An Application for GDP Per Capita Growth Rate

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	STAR Models: An Application for GDP Per Capita Growth Rate
Author(s):	Fatma Idil Baktemur
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	405-414
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.176

Abstract

The linearity assumption has been valid for a long time but most of the economic time series exhibit asymmetric behavior. The number of studies of nonlinear time series studies have increased in application by removing calculation difficulties. Markov regime switching models, TAR and STAR models are examples of nonlinear time series studies. GDP per capita is an important element of economical growth and has been the subject of many studies. This study covering the annual 1961-2017 data examined the nonlinear structure of GDP per capita growth rate for Turkey with STAR models. The serie is stationary according to the unit root test results and the delay length of the model has been found as two. Transition variables has been created by the delays of the dependent variable one by one and the linearity of the model has been tested against its nonlinearity alternative. The first delay has been selected as the transition variable. At the level of significance of 5%, the linearity hypothesis has been rejected. Findings of the study show that LSTAR model type is appropriate for growth. Since the appropriate model is LSTAR, transition variable has been standardized by its standard error. The parameter indicating the smoothness of transition shows that the transition from one regime to another is quick.

Keywords:

Nonlinear, GDP, Growth, STAR Models, Regime Switching

JEL Classification:

C24, C01, C22

Full Text ( ↓ 2356)

Comparison of Country Ratings of Credit Rating Agencies with MOORA Method

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Article Information

Journal:	Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article:	Comparison of Country Ratings of Credit Rating Agencies with MOORA Method
Author(s):	Elif Guneren Genc, Ozlem Deniz Basar
Volume:	10
Number:	2
Year:	2019
Page:	391-404
ISSN:	2619-9491
DOI Number:	10.20409/berj.2019.175

Abstract

The three main credit rating agencies, Standard and Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch, use a combination of economic, social and political factors to determine the capacity and current and future debt obligation of countries. This study contributes to literature in two ways. The first one is comparison of results obtained by rating countries on various macroeconomic variables using credit scores given by the three main credit rating agencies and using the MOORA method. The second one is the determination of how optimistic or pessimistic country-based results the three main credit rating agencies yield according to their estimates by macroeconomic variables. Among the three rating agencies, Moody’s make the most optimistic estimates in terms of its rating of countries. Moody’s is followed by Standard and Poor’s, and the credit rating agencies that make the most pessimistic estimates is observed to be Fitch.

Keywords:

MOORA, Sovereign Credit Rating, Rating Agencies

JEL Classification:

C10, G24, O57

Full Text ( ↓ 2811)