Does Field of Study Shape the Hourly Wage Distribution? Evidence from Quantile Regression

Article Information
Journal: Business and Economics Research Journal
Title of Article: Does Field of Study Shape the Hourly Wage Distribution? Evidence from Quantile Regression
Author(s): Hayriye Özgül Özkan Değirmenci
Volume: 17
Number: 3
Year: 2026
Page: 377-401
ISSN: 2619-9491
DOI Number:
Abstract
Higher education expansion in Türkiye has sharply increased the supply of bachelor’s degree graduates, yet how field of study is associated with wages across the conditional wage distribution remains insufficiently examined. Using 2024 Household Labour Force Survey microdata, this study estimates weighted conditional quantile regressions for bachelor’s degree wage workers. Fields are grouped using ISCED-F 2013, with Business and Law as the reference category. Results reveal substantial distributional heterogeneity in field-of-study wage associations. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics graduates show the largest and most distribution-sensitive conditional wage advantage, increasing from lower to upper conditional quantiles. Education graduates exhibit a hump-shaped profile peaking at Q75, while Health and Veterinary graduates show a declining association from Q10 to Q90. These patterns are consistent with differences in sectoral allocation, public-sector concentration, and institutionally structured wage-setting, but should be interpreted as conditional associations rather than causal returns. Humanities and Arts graduates do not display statistically significant wage associations at individual quantiles. Overall, the findings show that OLS estimates mask important distributional differences and support more systematic monitoring of field-specific labor market outcomes in higher education planning and career guidance.

Keywords: Field of Study, Wage Structure, Quantile Regression, Higher Education, Türkiye

JEL Classification: C21, I26, J31

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