{"id":5980,"date":"2023-07-22T01:21:10","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T22:21:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/?p=5980"},"modified":"2023-07-25T01:38:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T22:38:57","slug":"is-the-convergence-hypothesis-valid-for-per-capita-energy-consumption-among-g20-countries-findings-from-the-nahar-inder-test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/is-the-convergence-hypothesis-valid-for-per-capita-energy-consumption-among-g20-countries-findings-from-the-nahar-inder-test","title":{"rendered":"G20 \u00dclkeleri Aras\u0131nda Ki\u015fi Ba\u015f\u0131 Enerji T\u00fcketiminde Yak\u0131nsama Hipotezi Ge\u00e7erli Mi? Nahar-Inder Testi\u2019nden Bulgular"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<table style=\"font-family: Arial, serif; text-align: justify;\" width=\"534\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\" valign=\"middle\" bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"534\" height=\"40\">Makale Bilgileri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"534\" height=\"169\">\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"5\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"120\">Dergi:<\/td>\n<td>Business and Economics Research Journal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Makalenin Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/td>\n<td>G20 \u00dclkeleri Aras\u0131nda Ki\u015fi Ba\u015f\u0131 Enerji T\u00fcketiminde Yak\u0131nsama Hipotezi Ge\u00e7erli Mi? Nahar-Inder Testi\u2019nden Bulgular<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Yazar(lar):<\/td>\n<td>Cihat Karademir, \u015eencan Felek, Re\u015fat Ceylan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Cilt:<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Say\u0131:<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Y\u0131l:<\/td>\n<td>2023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">Sayfa:<\/td>\n<td>337-350<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">ISSN:<\/td>\n<td>2619-9491<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"0\">DOI Numaras\u0131:<\/td>\n<td>10.20409\/berj.2023.420<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #ffffff; font-weight: bold;\" valign=\"middle\" bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"534\" height=\"40\">\u00d6z<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"534\">Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131, 1965-2021 d\u00f6neminde G-20 \u00fclkelerinde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 birincil enerji t\u00fcketim d\u00fczeylerinin yak\u0131nsama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 sergileyip sergilemedi\u011fini incelemektir. Yak\u0131nsama analizinde, Bernard ve Durlauf (1996)\u2019dan hareketle ADF birim k\u00f6k testi ve incelenen serilerde birim k\u00f6k\u00fcn var olmas\u0131 halinde bile yak\u0131nsama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini ifade eden Nahar-Inder (2002) testi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Elde edilen bulgulara g\u00f6re, ADF birim k\u00f6k testinde iki \u00fclke yak\u0131nsama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 sergilerken, Nahar-Inder (2002) tekni\u011fine g\u00f6re 16 \u00fclkede yak\u0131nsama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Buradan hareketle, Nahar-Inder (2002) tekni\u011finin ADF birim k\u00f6k testine g\u00f6re daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca elde edilen yak\u0131nsama bulgular\u0131, enerji entegrasyonuna y\u00f6nelik geli\u015ftirilecek politikalar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n politika \u00f6nerileri aras\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, yapt\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131racak kurumlar\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131nda ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmelerine destek olacak bir uluslararas\u0131 parasal bir fonun kurulmas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"534\" height=\"22\">\n<hr style=\"height: 5px; background-color: #0188a6; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;\" \/>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"120\">Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/td>\n<td>Yak\u0131nsama, Enerji T\u00fcketimi, G-20 \u00dclkeleri, Nahar-Inder Testi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"534\">\n<hr style=\"height: 5px; background-color: #0188a6; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;\" \/>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"color: #0188a6; font-weight: bold;\" width=\"120\">JEL S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/td>\n<td>O13, Q40, C22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr style=\"height: 5px; background-color: #0188a6; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;\" \/>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><table style=\"border: 0px solid #CCC;\" cellpadding=\"3\" width=\"100%\">\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td width=\"35\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" alt=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" width=20 height=18>\r\n    <\/td>\r\n    <td>\r\n      <b> \r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/?file_id=881\">Tam Metin\r\n<\/b> ( <span style=\"font-weight:bolder;\">\u2193<\/span> 1907)<\/a>    <\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/table>Tam Metin\r\n<\/b> ( <span style=\"font-weight:bolder;\">\u2193<\/span> 1907)<\/a>    <\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/table><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_5980\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"5980\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Makale Bilgileri Dergi: Business and Economics Research Journal Makalenin Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: G20 \u00dclkeleri Aras\u0131nda Ki\u015fi Ba\u015f\u0131 Enerji T\u00fcketiminde Yak\u0131nsama Hipotezi Ge\u00e7erli Mi? Nahar-Inder Testi\u2019nden Bulgular Yazar(lar): Cihat Karademir, \u015eencan Felek, Re\u015fat Ceylan Cilt: 14 Say\u0131: 3 Y\u0131l: 2023 Sayfa: 337-350 ISSN: 2619-9491 DOI Numaras\u0131: 10.20409\/berj.2023.420 \u00d6z Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n amac\u0131, 1965-2021 d\u00f6neminde G-20 \u00fclkelerinde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 birincil [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_5980\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"5980\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makale","category-manuscript","category-manuscript2"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":207,"today_views":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5980"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5980\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}