{"id":2294,"date":"2013-04-22T22:10:55","date_gmt":"2013-04-22T19:10:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/?p=2294"},"modified":"2013-04-22T22:10:55","modified_gmt":"2013-04-22T19:10:55","slug":"means-end-chain-theory-and-laddering-technique-applications-in-consumer-behavior-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/means-end-chain-theory-and-laddering-technique-applications-in-consumer-behavior-research","title":{"rendered":"Means &#8211; End Chain Theory and Laddering Technique: Applications in Consumer Behavior Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"534\" border=\"1\" frame=\"HSIDES\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"544\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"544\" height=\"15\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Article Information<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\" height=\"16\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Journal:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Business and Economics Research Journal<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Title of Article:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Means &#8211; End Chain Theory and Laddering Technique: Applications in Consumer Behavior Research<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Author(s):<\/b><\/span><\/span><span> Ayca Kangal<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Volume:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span> 4<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Number:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span> 2<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Year:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span> 2013<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Page:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span>55-78<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>ISSN:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span>1309-2448<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"544\" height=\"16\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Abstract <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\" height=\"16\">\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Means \u2013 end chain (MEC) theory and laddering technique uncovers the decision making process of consumers related to marketing offerings such as goods, services and experiences in a cognitive approach from a consumer perspective view which are popularly used approaches in marketing context. The purpose of the study is to discusss and present the laddering techique to Turkish literature, which is a frequently used qualitative research method in consumer behavior, both with related theoretical structure and practice. With this purpose, the overview of the literature within the frame of means \u2013 end chain theory, practices in consumer behavior, laddering technique, data collection, data analyze and interperation steps, limits of the laddering technique and alternatives of soft laddering (hard laddering) is discussed. Laddering technique among with alternative data collection tools are anticipated Turkish researchers\u2019 interest.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\" height=\"16\">\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>Keywords:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Means \u2013 end chain (MEC), laddering technique, hard laddering, qualitative research, consumer behavior.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"TOP\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\" height=\"15\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>JEL Classification<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><b>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">M30, M31<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><table style=\"border: 0px solid #CCC;\" cellpadding=\"3\" width=\"100%\">\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td width=\"35\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" alt=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" width=20 height=18>\r\n    <\/td>\r\n    <td>\r\n      <b> \r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/?file_id=175\">Tam Metin\r\n<\/b> ( <span style=\"font-weight:bolder;\">\u2193<\/span> 4116)<\/a>    <\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/table><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2294\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"2294\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article Information Journal:Business and Economics Research Journal Title of Article:Means &#8211; End Chain Theory and Laddering Technique: Applications in Consumer Behavior Research Author(s): Ayca Kangal Volume: 4 Number: 2 Year: 2013 Page:55-78 ISSN:1309-2448 Abstract Means \u2013 end chain (MEC) theory and laddering technique uncovers the decision making process of consumers related to marketing offerings such [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2294\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"2294\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-manuscript","category-manuscript2"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":184,"today_views":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2294"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2294\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2294"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2294"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}