{"id":2202,"date":"2013-01-22T20:29:12","date_gmt":"2013-01-22T18:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/?p=2202"},"modified":"2013-01-22T20:42:18","modified_gmt":"2013-01-22T18:42:18","slug":"the-effect-of-oil-prices-on-unemployment-evidence-from-pakistan-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/the-effect-of-oil-prices-on-unemployment-evidence-from-pakistan-2","title":{"rendered":"The Effect of Oil Prices on Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"534\" border=\"1\" frame=\"hsides\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"544\" \/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"544\" height=\"15\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Article Information<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Journal:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Business and Economics Research Journal<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Title of Article:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">The Effect of Oil Prices on Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Author(s):<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Fawad Ahmad<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Volume:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">4<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Number:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">1<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Year:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">2013<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Page:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">43-57<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>ISSN:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">1309-2448<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"#0188a6\" width=\"544\" height=\"16\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">A developing country like Pakistan is heavily dependent on the oil as inputs for almost every industrial sector therefore increase in oil prices, increases inputs cost, consequently increasing production costs and unemployment rate. Existing literature has mostly focused on the relationship between unemployment and oil prices of developed countries, the current study used the data from developing country Pakistan to investigate the relationship between oil prices and unemployment. The current study used monthly data from the period 1991:01\u20132010:12, making 238 observations of each variable for analysis and employed Toda Yamamoto causality test. The results of current study suggested the significant effect of oil prices on unemployment but found no significant association between real interest rate and unemployment, thus findings of current study are partially consistent with the efficiency wage model. Furthermore, results suggest that real oil prices cause significant changes in the real interest rate in Pakistan. It can be concluded from the results that oil prices can be used in long run to improve the forecasting of unemployment and real interest rate.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">Oil prices, Interest rate, Unemployment, Efficiency Wage Model, Toda-Yamamoto<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" bgcolor=\"#ffffff\" width=\"544\"><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>JEL Classification<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0188a6;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\"><strong>:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #111111;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, serif;\">C32, E24, Q43<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><table style=\"border: 0px solid #CCC;\" cellpadding=\"3\" width=\"100%\">\r\n  <tr>\r\n    <td width=\"35\">\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" alt=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/icons\/pdf.gif\" width=20 height=18>\r\n    <\/td>\r\n    <td>\r\n      <b> \r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/?file_id=162\">Tam Metin\r\n<\/b> ( <span style=\"font-weight:bolder;\">\u2193<\/span> 9234)<\/a>    <\/td>\r\n  <\/tr>\r\n<\/table><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2202\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"2202\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 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Research Journal Title of Article:The Effect of Oil Prices on Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan Author(s):Fawad Ahmad Volume:4 Number:1 Year:2013 Page:43-57 ISSN:1309-2448 Abstract A developing country like Pakistan is heavily dependent on the oil as inputs for almost every industrial sector therefore increase in oil prices, increases inputs cost, consequently increasing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2202\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"2202\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 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class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-manuscript","category-manuscript2"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":99,"today_views":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2202"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2202\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.berjournal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}